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Holdover Time (HOT) Tables
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| Article Information | ||
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| Category: | Ground Operations | 
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| Content source: | SKYbrary | 
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| Content control: | EUROCONTROL | 
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Description
Aircraft Ground De/Anti Icing Holdover Time (HOT) tables approved by the SAE G-12 Committee are issued in preparation for the coming winter season.
AEA, FAA, and TC (Transport Canada) are the main practical sources of this information and each issues their HOT Tables, and associated support publications, independently of each other and SAE. The generic changes from one season to the next are usually relatively few. However, the recent rapid growth of product-specific HOT tables, which are increasingly used by operators, is significant.
Other "official" sources sometimes publish HOT which are then left as "current" when they cease to be the latest versions. The effect of such out of date information being still accessible has resulted in many Operations Manuals being out of date on this critical safety subject.
Association of European Airlines (AEA)
- AEA Recommendations for De-icing/Anti-Icing: The two regularly updated AEA Guides on the subject are:
Transport Canada (TC)
- 2011/2012 Transport Canada HOT tables
- Transport Canada: Guidelines for Aircraft Ground Icing Operations amendments to which can be found with the latest edition of the HOT tables issued prior to each winter season.
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA)
Related Articles
Accident Reports
Accidents and Incidents resulting from airframe icing and problems with anti-icing fluids:
- RJ1H, Zurich Switzerland, 2006 (GND FIRE HF) (On 26 January 2006, an Avro RJ100 being operated by Swiss European on a scheduled passenger service from Hanover to Zurich had reached the parking gate at destination in normal day visibility when a flash fire occurred following the connection of ground electrical power. The commander ordered an emergency evacuation but since the air bridge was already in position at the aircraft, the cabin crew decided to carry out a rapid disembarkation and all passengers and cabin crew were off the aircraft within two minutes. A flight deck fire extinguisher was used against the apparent origin of the fire, the vicinity of the First Officer’s rudder pedals.)
- DH8A, Ottawa Canada, 2003 (GND RE) (On 04 November 2003, a de Havilland DHC-8-100, being operated by Air Canada Jazz, was on a scheduled flight from Ottawa, Ontario, to Montréal (Dorval), Quebec, with 19 passengers and a crew of three. After deicing, the aircraft taxied to Runway 07 and was cleared for take-off. The crew carried out normal pre-take-off checks and commenced the take-off run. As rotation was attempted, the pilot felt a restriction to movement of the pitch controls and, as a result, the take-off was rejected.)
- C208, vicinity Pelee Island Canada, 2004 (WX HF GND LOC) (On 17 January, 2004 a Cessna 208 Caravan operated by Georgian Express, took off from Pellee Island, Ontario, Canada, at a weight significantly greater than maximum permitted and with ice visible on the airframe. Shortly after take off, the pilot lost control of the aircraft and it crashed into a frozen lake.)
- CL60, Montrose USA, 2004 (GND LOC HF FIRE) (On 28 November 2004, a Challeger 601 operated by Global Aviation crashed on takeoff from Montrose, Colorado, USA, following loss of control due to airframe icing.)
- ATP, Helsinki Finland, 2010 (RE AW GND) (On 11 January 2010, a British Aerospace ATP being operated by West Air Sweden on a cargo flight from Helsinki to Copenhagen with only the two operating flight crew on board at night could not be rotated for take off on runway 22R. The ensuing rejected take off in normal ground visibility was achieved within the available runway length and the aircraft was undamaged and returned to the apron.)
- … further results